SMOOTH / documentation

KERN SMOOTH — user manual

version 0.9.1 / dynamic resonance suppressor / $29 / no iLok

what SMOOTH does

SMOOTH detects and suppresses problematic resonances in your audio — the harsh frequencies that make vocals pierce, synths bite, and mixes fatigue. it analyzes your signal across 40 psychoacoustic frequency bands, identifies which peaks are resonances versus musical character, and transparently reduces only the problems.

think of it as an intelligent, frequency-selective compressor that works on thousands of frequency bins simultaneously, 43 times per second.

use it on: vocals, synths, drum buses, guitars, bass, full mixes — anything with unwanted resonant buildup.

controls

SMOOTH has 4 knobs, 2 toggle buttons, 4 draggable EQ nodes, and a mode selector. that's it.

knobs

control range default what it does
DEPTH 0–24 dB 6 dB how much resonance is removed. higher = more aggressive suppression.
SELECT 0–12 dB 4 dB how prominent a resonance must be before SMOOTH catches it. lower = catches more. higher = only the worst offenders.
ATTACK 0.5–50 ms 2 ms how quickly SMOOTH reacts. fast (1–5 ms) for transients. slow (20–50 ms) for gentle, transparent processing.
MIX 0–100% 100% wet/dry blend. use 50–80% for parallel processing.

toggle buttons

button what it does
DELTA hear what SMOOTH is removing. if you hear music, dial back DEPTH or raise SELECT. if you hear only metallic resonance — you're dialed in.
INTENSE 3x depth multiplier for exaggerated processing preview. use to quickly hear what SMOOTH is targeting, then turn off for mixing. orange when active.

mode selector

mode best for
Resonance default. spectral resonance suppression via the 5-stage pipeline. works on everything.
Transient time-domain transient shaping. controls attack punch and sustain character. best on drums and percussive material.

M/S toggle

the L/R ↔ M/S button in the bottom bar switches between stereo and mid/side processing:

  • L/R (default): left and right channels processed independently.
  • M/S: mid and side channels processed independently. allows surgical treatment of the center image vs. the sides.

sensitivity nodes (EQ-style)

the 4 colored nodes on the spectral display let you shape where SMOOTH is most and least aggressive.

how they work

  • drag horizontally: move the node's center frequency (20 Hz – 20 kHz)
  • drag vertically: adjust sensitivity (-12 to +12 dB). boost (up) = more aggressive processing. cut (down) = less processing.
  • mouse wheel on node: adjust Q (bandwidth). narrow Q = surgical. wide Q = broad.
  • shift + drag: fine adjustment (0.2x sensitivity)
  • double-click: toggle node on/off
  • right-click (M/S mode): choose channel routing — stereo, mid only, or side only

node colors

node default frequency color
band 0250 Hzteal
band 12500 Hzgray
band 2800 Hz (off)orange
band 36000 Hz (off)purple

bands 2 and 3 are disabled by default. double-click to activate them.

per-band M/S routing

when in M/S mode, each node can be routed independently:

  • stereo (default): applies to both mid and side engines
  • mid: only affects the center image (vocals, kick, bass)
  • side: only affects the stereo field (reverb, room, width)

right-click a node to change its routing. mid-routed nodes show a green "M" badge. side-routed nodes show a purple "S" badge.

spectral display

the real-time spectral display shows:

  • cyan curve: your input signal's frequency spectrum
  • orange overlay: gain reduction being applied (taller = more reduction)
  • colored fill behind spectrum: sensitivity curve shape from your EQ nodes

display interactions

  • scroll wheel: zoom frequency range (centers on cursor)
  • double-click: reset zoom to full 20 Hz – 20 kHz range

display range

  • frequency: 20 Hz – 20 kHz (log scale)
  • level: +12 dB to -60 dB

presets

SMOOTH ships with 32 factory presets organized by use case.

resonance mode

presetuse case
Gentlesubtle, transparent processing for sensitive material
Vocalgeneral vocal resonance taming
Drum Busbalanced drum processing
Full Mixsafe mix bus treatment
Aggressiveheavy-handed resonance removal
Masteringconservative, mix-bus safe
Dark Sourcetames muddy low-mid buildup
Bright Sourcecontrols harsh high-frequency content
De-Harsh Vocalaggressive 2–5 kHz harshness removal
Harsh Synth Tamertames resonant synth patches
Surgical Strikeprecise, deep cuts at specific frequencies
Nuke Itmaximum processing — hear everything SMOOTH can do
Low-End Cleanuproom rumble and mud removal (80–400 Hz)
Kick & 808sub resonance taming, protects fundamental
Bass Clarityboxiness removal (250–500 Hz)

transient mode

presetuse case
Drum Punchenhance drum attack
Vocal Presenceadd vocal clarity
Snare Cracktighten snare attack
Subtle Shapegentle transient control
Cymbal Tamehigh-frequency harshness on cymbals (4–12 kHz)
Perc Clickcontrol clicky percussion attacks (1.5–3.5 kHz)
Transient – Destroyextreme transient removal

M/S presets

presetuse case
M/S Vocal Centerclean up the center image
M/S Side Tamerreduce side-channel harshness
M/S Low Tightenmono bass cleanup (common mastering technique)
M/S Master Gluegentle M/S mastering — mid presence + side smoothing

browsing

  • use < > arrows in the header to browse presets
  • the preset name and index are displayed between the arrows (e.g., "Vocal (2/32)")
  • A/B button: compare two different settings instantly

how it works

SMOOTH uses a 5-stage spectral processing pipeline. no neural networks. no black boxes. just physics.

1

STFT analysis

your audio is windowed into overlapping frames and transformed to the frequency domain via FFT. at 44.1 kHz, this gives 2,049 frequency bins with 10.77 Hz resolution.

2

ERB envelope estimation

the spectrum is analyzed across 40 psychoacoustic bands (ERB scale). this means SMOOTH is 7x more sensitive to resonances at 1 kHz than at 8 kHz — matching how your ear actually works.

3

spectral reassignment

sub-bin frequency precision identifies exactly where each resonance sits, and determines whether each frequency component is tonal (resonance candidate) or noise (leave alone).

4

per-bin gain computation

for each of the 2,049 bins, SMOOTH computes how much to reduce based on: how prominent the resonance is, how tonal it is, how loud the surrounding spectrum is, and your sensitivity node settings. gains are smoothed over time using a zero-delay feedback integrator for tight, artifact-free tracking.

5

magnitude-only gain application

gains are applied to magnitude only — phase is never touched. this preserves stereo image, transient shape, and harmonic relationships. broadband energy compensation restores the body that resonance removal would otherwise take away.

result: resonances are suppressed. character is preserved. phase is untouched.

technical specifications

specvalue
formatsVST3, AU (AUv3), standalone
platformmacOS (Apple Silicon native)
sample rates44.1 – 192 kHz (SFI: adapts automatically)
latency~93 ms at 44.1 kHz (4096 samples)
CPU target< 3% at 44.1 kHz, 512-sample buffer
FFT size4096 (44.1/48 kHz), 8192 (88.2/96 kHz), 16384 (176.4/192 kHz)
overlap75% (hop = FFT/4)
ERB bands40 (20 Hz – Nyquist)
sensitivity nodes4 parametric bells per instance
max reduction24 dB (72 dB with INTENSE mode)
phase modificationnone — magnitude only
DRMnone. no iLok. no account. no activation.

installation

  1. download the installer from kernaudio.io
  2. run the installer — it copies VST3 and AU to your system plugin folders
  3. open your DAW, scan for new plugins
  4. find "KERN SMOOTH" under manufacturer: "KERN Audio"

plugin locations

  • VST3: ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/VST3/KERN SMOOTH.vst3
  • AU: ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/Components/KERN SMOOTH.component

no activation required. no account needed. just install and use.

quick start recipes

"my vocal is too harsh"

  1. load preset: Vocal or De-Harsh Vocal
  2. adjust DEPTH to taste (start at 6–8 dB)
  3. toggle DELTA to hear what's being removed — should sound metallic, not musical
  4. if needed, drag band 1 node to the harsh frequency (usually 2–5 kHz) and boost it

"my drum bus has ring"

  1. load preset: Drum Bus
  2. set ATTACK to 1–2 ms (fast, preserves transients)
  3. toggle INTENSE to preview the effect, then disable
  4. use band 0 to target the specific ringing frequency

"my synth is piercing"

  1. load preset: Harsh Synth Tamer
  2. increase DEPTH if needed
  3. band 1 is pre-positioned at 2.5 kHz — drag it to the problem frequency
  4. tighten Q (mouse wheel) for surgical treatment

"my mix sounds harsh at loud parts"

  1. load preset: Full Mix or Mastering
  2. keep MIX at 50–80% for gentle parallel processing
  3. set SELECT high (8–10 dB) so only the worst resonances are caught
  4. use DELTA to verify you're only removing problems

"i want tighter low end in M/S"

  1. switch to M/S mode (click L/R → M/S)
  2. load preset: M/S Low Tighten
  3. this targets low-mid mud in the center while leaving sides untouched

tips

  • DELTA is your best friend. always check what you're removing. good delta = metallic resonance. bad delta = music.
  • INTENSE is for previewing, not mixing. turn it on to hear what SMOOTH targets, then turn it off.
  • less is more. a DEPTH of 4–8 dB handles most material. go higher only when you hear specific problems.
  • SELECT controls surgical precision. low SELECT = catches everything. high SELECT = only the loudest resonances.
  • fast ATTACK preserves transients. for drums and percussive material, keep ATTACK at 1–5 ms.
  • slow ATTACK for transparency. for vocals and mix bus, try ATTACK at 10–30 ms.
  • use M/S for mastering. clean up the center (vocals, kick) without touching the stereo field.
  • sensitivity nodes are optional. SMOOTH works great with all nodes at 0 dB. use them when you want frequency-specific control.

troubleshooting

problemsolution
"i can't hear any difference"increase DEPTH. try INTENSE mode. lower SELECT.
"it sounds duller"reduce DEPTH. SMOOTH has auto-compensation, but extreme settings can still thin the sound.
"transients are smeared"reduce ATTACK to 1–2 ms. the transient gate preserves attacks, but very slow attack settings override it.
"processing is too aggressive"raise SELECT (catches fewer resonances). reduce DEPTH. try MIX at 60–70%.
"i hear artifacts"reduce DEPTH below 12 dB. at extreme settings, cepstral smoothing is disabled for maximum surgical precision — artifacts may appear.
"CPU is too high"SMOOTH targets <3% at 44.1 kHz. at higher sample rates, CPU increases proportionally. close other instances if needed.
"plugin doesn't appear in DAW"rescan plugins in your DAW. check that VST3/AU files exist in ~/Library/Audio/Plug-Ins/.

keyboard / mouse reference

actioncontrol
adjust knobclick + drag vertically
fine adjust knobshift + drag
reset knob to defaultdouble-click knob
move EQ node frequencydrag horizontally
adjust EQ node gaindrag vertically
adjust EQ node Qmouse wheel on node
fine adjust EQ nodeshift + drag
toggle EQ node on/offdouble-click node
change node routingright-click node (M/S mode)
zoom frequency rangescroll wheel on display
reset zoomdouble-click on display
browse presetsclick < > arrows
toggle A/B comparisonclick A/B button
toggle delta modeclick DELTA button
toggle intense modeclick INTENSE button
switch L/R ↔ M/Sclick mode button in bottom bar

version history

v0.9.1 (february 2026) — pre-release

  • 5-stage spectral processing pipeline (STFT → ERB → reassignment → ZDF gain → OLA)
  • 16 DSP optimizations (OPT-1 through OPT-11, OPT-A/B/C/D/E)
  • ZDF envelope detection (Zavalishin 2012)
  • auto-compensation (broadband energy restoration)
  • sample-rate-independent processing (44.1–192 kHz)
  • Apple Accelerate vectorization
  • 4 parametric sensitivity nodes with M/S per-band routing
  • INTENSE mode (3x depth preview)
  • Catmull-Rom spline spectral display
  • 32 factory presets
  • 84 automated tests

design & development: Jonas Rosbech. algorithm based on published research by Auger & Flandrin (1995), Ephraim & Malah (1984), Griffin & Lim (1984), Moore & Glasberg (1983), Breithaupt et al. (2007), Zavalishin (2012), Schroter et al. (2022).